Since I am exposed only to news and views which reinforce my existing beliefs
Since I am exposed only to news and views which reinforce my existing beliefs, I become more and more convinced that I am always right, and that anyone who does not share the same beliefs as me is a menace to society — which is the source of political and religious and racial hatreds. Examining early American newspapers raises the uncomfortable possibility that our forebears, more than two centuries ago, may have encountered a wider range of views than we elect to encounter today. We think escaping these echo chambers and seeing a wider picture of the news is a critical piece of democratic society. However, the social media platforms have actually led to much greater polarisation between extreme viewpoints, to greater chasms of political, religious and economic opinions." Zuckerman added: "An idea for those seeking a technical solution to our polarisation and isolation: public social media. Professors at Stanford University recently developed programmes that combine and mix recorded video footage with real-time face tracking to create fake manipulated videos to make world leaders appear to say things they never actually said.
The problem is that I don’t know which 50 per cent it is. The way the algorithms of Twitter and Facebook are written, their newsfeeds would show me more and more of the news which they think I would like to see and hear.By using such technologies, social media platforms can quickly develop detailed psychographic profiles of billions of individuals, using data provided by the consumers themselves under the user agreements." Its director Ethan Zuckerman stated: "Being able to escape echo chambers and encounter a wide picture of news may be a necessary precursor towards a functioning democracy..Several psychologists and media experts have highlighted the dangers of the Echo Chamber Effect in the social media.But what is insidious is that the line has subtly been crossed from merely trying to predict what refrigerator or breakfast cereal I would buy, into spoon feeding me news and opinions which would influence my political, social, economic, and religious views, and influence me to either vote for a political party or cast a negative vote against another party.
Or on social media, such as Twitter and Facebook, when you click "like" or retweet or share certain posts, you immediately see advertisements about related products and services. These algorithms have reinforced our echo chamber — showing us content like what we share — and made hard to burst our filter bubbles — hiding content that is different than what we believe."Another danger is that now Artificial Intelligence and Deep Neural Networks techniques have advanced to the levels where it is possible to fabricate entirely fake videos and audios of persons from a few minutes of their actual speeches, the video and audio equivalents of PhotoShopped fake images. Instead of focusing resources on reporting, it would focus on aggregating and curating, pushing unfamiliar perspectives into our feeds and nudging us to diversity away from the ideologically comfortable material we all gravitate towards."To find out what Facebook predicted my interests and choices were likely to be, based on my posts, shares and "likes" over the years, I clicked under "Settings", then "Ads".
A public social media platform would have the civic mission of providing us a diverse and global view of the world.It has long been a truism in the cyber world that "if an organisation is offering you services for free, then you, the individual, are their product". At the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT Media Lab’s Centre for Civic Media states: "Facebook, Twitter, and other sites use complicated computerised rules to decide which posts you see at the top of your feed and which you don’t.Psychologically, this is because of the "Echo Chamber Effect".For instance, to find out what Twitter predicted my interests and choices were likely to be, based on my tweets and retweets over the years, I clicked under "Settings", then "Your Twitter Data", then "Interests from Twitter". Was I more likely to vote for them because of my dislike of their opponents? Or was I more likely to respond to their positive policies? Should they try to "demonise" their opponents? Or should they emphasise their economic policies, or push their religious agenda with me, or their caste agenda?
Would I vote for them even if I diغير مجاز مي باشدreed vehemently with their caste politics provided I agreed with their economic policies? They could send me customised mesغير مجاز مي باشدes tailored exactly for me on my WhatsApp, Facebook and Twitter messengers. All this is done in real time by using technologies such as Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Neural Networks, Big Data Analytics, etc. Twitter certainly knew more about my likes and dislikes than most of my beads embroidery machine decades-long friends did. By compiling detailed information about you, they are able to sell that information to advertisers and marketers.We are fast reaching a stage where you can never trust anything which you see on a screen — whether a television screen, or a computer or smartphone screen. Another adage in the advertising world is: "Fifty per cent of my advertising budget is wasted. I found that Twitter had listed about a hundred topics of interest to me, which were uncannily accurate.
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